| 黄群,李娜,张月莉,贾峥.食管癌根治术后患者ICU转至普通病房过渡期护理模式的应用效果研究[J].上海护理,2017,17(6): |
| 食管癌根治术后患者ICU转至普通病房过渡期护理模式的应用效果研究 |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 过渡期护理模式 食管癌 快速康复 |
| 英文关键词:Transitional Care Model Esophageal Cancer Rapid Rehabilitation |
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| 中文摘要: |
| ICU过渡期护理模式（ICU transitional care model，ICUTCM）是指由ICU护士和其他医务人员所提供的ICU转出前、转出中和转出后的护理，为保证患者从ICU转到其他护理单元的过程中获得连续性的护理[1]。关注过渡期护理的目的是提高患者自我照顾能力，保证患者安全，提高护理质量[2]。为确保过渡期间护理工作的协调性与连续性，过渡期护士（transitional care nurse，TCN）会采取一系列相应的护理行为[3] ，以加强对患者的护理管理，预防和避免并发症的发生[4]。ICU是承担危重患者的生命支持、治疗与护理的医疗单元，其人力、财力也消耗相对较大。因此，当患者的病情趋于稳定后，需将其转移至普通病房。Wendy等[5]研究显示，约30％的患者从ICU转入普通病房的过程中存在着护理安全问题，若患者在缺乏合理计划的情况下转出ICU，其面临的死亡风险会增加5倍。目前国内对ICU转出患者的过渡期护理研究较少,大部分仅停留在ICU满意度访视上，但是重症护理的连续性早已得到发达国家的关注与重视,并在ICU过渡期护理的实践上取得一定的成效[6]。有研究证实过渡期护理模式对改善慢性病、老年病、精神疾病及急危重病患者的预后具有积极意义[7]。但过渡期护理模式在食管癌根治术后患者由ICU转入普通病房的过渡期的应用效果尚未见报道。本研究旨在探讨将过渡期护理模式运用于由ICU转至普通病房的食管癌根治术后患者的效果，现报道如下。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate application effects of the transitional care model from ICU to the general ward for patients with esophageal cancer after radical operation. Methods By convenient sampling,from Jan 2014 to Dec 2014,116 cases patients with esophageal cancer after radical operation transferred to the general ward from ICU were selected as control group.Patient in control group were received traditional nursing model in transitional period. From Jan 2015 to Dec 2015, 137 cases patients with esophageal cancer after radical operation transferred to the general ward from ICU were selected as experimental group in same way. Patient in observation group were received transitional care model. The incidence of adverse events,rate of returning ICU,scores of anxiety and depression,clinical variables of esophagus(the postoperative exhaust time,the postoperative defecation time and average length of stay ) and satisfaction rate of patients were compared after discharged. Results The incidence of returning ICU,scores of anxiety and depression, clinical variables of esophagus(the postoperative exhaust time,the postoperative defecation time and average length of stay ) in experimental group were significantly lower than control group(P <0.05). The satisfaction rate of patients in experimental group was higher than control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05). The difference of the incidence of adverse events was not statistically significant(P >0.05).Conclusions Conducting TCM maintained the continuity and effectiveness of nursing work.And it is beneficial to improve the prognosis and the mental state of patients with esophageal cancer after radical operation.It can also improve the quality of nursing and the satisfaction rate of patients. It is worth being used in clinical practice. |
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