| 施海英,陆澄秋,沈瑜.二胎政策下新生儿科母乳喂养情况调查及影响因素分析施海英 陆澄秋 沈瑜[J].上海护理,2021,21(S1): |
| 二胎政策下新生儿科母乳喂养情况调查及影响因素分析施海英 陆澄秋 沈瑜 |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 母乳喂养 二胎 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探索二胎政策开放后母乳喂养情况及其影响因素。 方法 选取上海某产院新生儿科2019年1月至2019年3月一胎产妇78名及二胎产妇72名,共150名作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表及母乳喂养资料调查表对其于产后0月、1月、6月分别进行电话随访及资料收集。 结果 一胎组产妇年龄低于二胎组(30.4±3.8 vs 33.6±4.3岁,t=-4.417,P<0.005),差异有统计学意义。一胎组胎龄显著高于二胎组(38.9±3.2 vs 37.3±2.2周,t=3.369,P<0.005),差异有统计学意义。二胎产妇患妊娠期糖尿的比例显著高于一胎产妇(21.7% vs 6.3%,P<0.005)。二胎组产妇分娩后24小时内开始挤奶的比例高于一胎组(98.3% vs 82.5%,χ2 =8.707,P<0.005),差异有统计学意义。1月龄及6月龄母乳喂养率二胎组均高于一胎组(93.3% vs73.0%,χ2=9.281,P<0.005；56.7% vs39.7%,χ2=7.638,P<0.005),差异具有统计学意义。中断母乳喂养率一胎组高于二胎组(61.4% vs38.6%,χ2=8.777,P<0.005)。在中断母乳喂养原因方面,一胎组的认知缺乏高于二胎(12.7% vs 1.7%,P<0.005)；一胎组母亲因工作原因中断母乳喂养的比例高于二胎(47.6% vs 28.3%,χ2=4.841,P<0.005),P均<0.005具有统计学意义。 结论 二胎较之一胎母乳喂养率高,但到6月龄母乳喂养率为56.7%,产院应加强对母乳喂养的宣传与喂养指导,对一胎二胎产妇制定针对性的护理干预从而提高母乳喂养率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| : Objective To explore the situation of breastfeeding and its influencing factors after the opening of the two-child policy. Methods: From January 2019 to March 2019 in neonatology department of a maternity hospital in Shanghai, a total of 78 one-born and 72 second-born women (150 subjects) were selected as subjects. Telephone follow-up and data collection were conducted at 0 month, 1 month and 6 months postpartum using general data questionnaire and breastfeeding data questionnaire respectively. Results The maternal age in the one-child group was lower than that in the two-child group (30.4±3.8 vs 33.6±4.3 years, t=-4.417, P<0.005), and the difference was statistically significant. The gestational age of the one-child group was significantly higher than that of the two-child group (38.9±3.2 vs 37.3±2.2 weeks, t=3.369, P<0.005), the difference was statistically significant. The incidence of glucuria during pregnancy was significantly higher in second-borns than in first-borns (21.7% vs 6.3%, P<0.005). The proportion of women who started milking within 24 hours after delivery in the second pregnancy group was higher than that in the first pregnancy group (98.3% vs 82.5%,χ2=8.707, P<0.005), and the difference was statistically significant. The rate of breastfeeding at 1 month old and 6 months old was higher in the second pregnancy group than in the first pregnancy group (93.3%vs73.0%,χ2=9.281,P<0.005). The differences were statistically significant (56.7%vs39.7%, χ2=7.638, P<0.005). The rate of interruption of breastfeeding in the first pregnancy group was higher than that in the second pregnancy group (61.4%vs38.6%, χ2=8.777, P<0.005). In terms of reasons for breastfeeding interruption, cognitive deficiency was higher in the first-born group than in the second-born group (12.7% vs 1.7%, P<0.005). The proportion of mothers who interrupted breastfeeding for work reasons in the first pregnancy group was higher than that in the second pregnancy group (47.6%vs28.3%, χ2=4.841, P<0.005), both P<0.005 were statistically significant. Conclusion The breast-feeding rate of second-borns is higher than that of the first-borns, but the rate of breast-feeding is 56.7% by the age of 6 months. Maternity hospitals should strengthen the publicity and guidance of breast-feeding, and develop targeted nursing intervention to improve the breast-feeding rate of the first-borns. |
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